MULTIPLIKASI TUNAS DAN INDUKSI UMBI MIKRO SATOIMO (<i>Colocasia esculenta</i> (L.) Schott) PADA BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI SUKROSA DAN BENZILAMINOPURIN
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Abstract
Taro or Satoimo (Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott var antiquorum) is an alternative of non-rice food. To support saitomo mass cultivation in several regions in Indonesia, shoot multiplication and induction of satoimo microtuber through in vitro technique is amongst the stage to be undertaken. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of BAP (benzylaminopurine) and sucrose for shoot multiplication and microtuber induction of in vitro culture of satoimo. The experiment was arranged in two factors: BAP (0, 1, 2 and 3 mg/L) and sucrose (30, 60, 90 and 120 g/L). The result showed that the single effect of BAP or sucrose and interaction of both significantly increased the number of shoots. The effect of 2 mg/L BAP was more homogeneous than that of 1 and 3 mg/L BAP. Sucrose with the concentration of 30 g/L was the best concentration for shoot multiplication. The highest number of microtuber was achieved with 2 mg/L BAP + 30 g/L sucrose treatments, but tended to decrease due to increasing sucrose concentration. In 2 and 3 mg/L BAP treatments, the number of microtuber increased along with the increasing sucrose concentration.
Keywords: satoimo, in vitro shoot, microtuber, benzylaminopurine, sucrose
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ABSTRAK
Satoimo (Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott var antiquorum) merupakan bahan pangan alternatif non-beras. Untuk mendukung produksi massal satoimo di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia, multiplikasi tunas dan induksi umbi mikro secara in vitro merupakan tahapan yang harus dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh BAP dan sukrosa terhadap multiplikasi tunas dan induksi umbi mikro satoimo dalam kultur in vitro. Perlakuan terdiri dari 4 taraf konsentrasi BAP (0, 1, 2 dan 3 mg/L) dan 4 taraf konsentrasi sukrosa (30, 60, 90 dan 120 g/L). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BAP dan sukrosa secara tunggal serta interaksinya berpengaruh nyata terhadap multiplikasi tunas in vitro. Pengaruh konsentrasi BAP 2 mg/L lebih homogen dibandingkan perlakuan BAP 1 dan 3 mg/L. Sukrosa 30 g/L merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas. Umbi mikro terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan BAP 1 mg/L + sukrosa 30 g/L tetapi cenderung mengalami penurunan jika konsentrasi sukrosa dinaikkan pada konsentrasi BAP tetap. Pada perlakuan BAP 2 dan 3 mg/L jumlah umbi mikro yang terbentuk cenderung meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi sukrosa.
Kata kunci: satoimo, tunas in vitro, umbi mikro, benzilaminopurin, sukrosa
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References
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