Efek Temperatur Tinggi Pada Pembentukan Komposit Kalsium Pirofosfat Dengan Penambahan Alumina Dan Zirkonia
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Abstract
Kalsium Pirofosfat (CPP: Ca2P2O7) adalah biomaterial yang berbasis kalsium fosfat yang telah digunakan secara luas dalam bidang medis seperti perbaikan dan penggantian jaringan tulang yang rusak. Secara kimiawi CPP sangat mirip dengan komponen mineral tulang dan gigi manusia. Namun, kekuatan mekanik yang rendah pada material berbahan kalsium fosfat menjadi masalah yang harus diselesaikan. Tambahan zat penguat berupa ZrO2 dan Al2O3 diperlukan untuk untuk mendapatkan fase matriks dan juga fase penguatan dalam penerapan bioimplant dengan biokompatibilitas yang superior dan ketahanan oksidasi. Untuk itu dilakukan penambahan ZrO2 dan Al2O3 sebanyak 5% dan 10% pada CPP sintesis dari cangkang kerang. Proses pencampuran komposit dan CPP dilakukan secra mekanokimia menggunkan alat High Energy Milling dengan Ball Powder Ratio (BPR) sebesar 5:1 selama 30 menit kemudian dikalsinasi pada temperatur 1000°C selama 1 jam. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa kalsinasi menyebabkan CPP terurai menjadi CaO dan CaO2 sebelum bereaksi dengan oksida logam dan menghasilkan calcium aluminate dan calcium zirconium oxide. Morfologi yang digambar oleh SEM menunjukkan CPP setelah proses pencampuran dan kalsinasi mengalami penyusutan yang signifikan. Hal tersebut bisa dilihat dari ukuran partikel CPP yaitu sebesar 1,5 ±0,8 µm, tetapi setelah dicampurkan dengan 5% Al2O3 dan proses kalsinasi 1000°C ukuran partikel menjadi 1,087 ± 0,6 µm atau mengecil 27,5% dari ukuran sebelumnya.
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