Serat Alam Sebagai Bahan Komposit Ramah Lingkungan, Suatu Kajian Pustaka
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Abstract
Serat alami, sebagai pengganti serat yang direkayasa, telah menjadi salah satu topik yang paling banyak diteliti selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Ini karena sifat-sifat yang melekat, seperti biodegradabilitas, keterbaruan dan ketersediaannya yang melimpah jika dibandingkan dengan serat sintetis. Dari beberapa serat alami terdapat penggolongan serat alami, yaitu serat biji (cotton dan kapok), serat batang (jute, flax, rami, kenaf), dan serat daun (sisal dan abaca). Dari sekian banyak serat alami tersebut, hampir semuanya dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku industry. Untuk memperoleh hasil komposit serat alami yang optimal, maka sebaiknya serat alami ditenun (bentuk tekstil) untuk memperoleh kekuatan yang tinggi, kerataan dan kestabilan. Pemanfaatan polimer sebagai matrix dapat digunakan polimer sintetik seperti polipropilene, polyester, poliethilene dan lain-lain.
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