PREDICTION OF MEDICAL HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION FROM COVID-19 PATIENT HANDLING HOSPITALS

Main Article Content

Mr Prihartanto

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic disaster has resulted in thousands peoples died and hospitalized. Handling of Covid-19 patients requires more medical equipment than normal condition, such as masks, goggles, protective clothing and so on which will increase the rate of generation of medical waste. Prediction of the total medical hazardous waste generation in Indonesia can be calculated using the prediction model of the total number of Covid-19 cases and the average generation of medical waste for each one patient. In this study, the capacity of a hazardous waste incinerator in Indonesia is also calculated to determine the time needed for waste processing. Besides, standar procedures for handling medical  hazardous waste from source to final disposal site are also needed.

Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Aida, N.R. 2020. Prediksi Sejumlah Pakar soal Puncak Wabah Virus Corona di Indonesia". [terhubung berkala]. https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2020/04/03/123616065/prediksi-sejumlah-pakar-soal-puncak-wabah-virus-corona-di-indonesia?page=2.

Ali, S.M., M.N. Chaudhry & Y. Geng. 207. Hospital waste management in developing countries: A mini review. Waste Management & Research. 35:1-12 10.1177/0734242X17691344.

Asian Development Bank. 2020. Managing Medical Waste Covid 19. https://www.adb.org/publications/managing-medical-waste-covid19.

Astuti, L.T.M. 2020. Webinar Covid-19 PERSI: Satu Pasien di RS Rujukan dan Darurat Hasilkan 14,3 kg Limbah Medis per Hari. [terhubung berkala]. https://www.persi.or.id/78-berita/berita-persi/1348-webinar-covid-19-persi-satu-pasien-di-rs-rujukan-dan-darurat-hasilkan-14-3-kg-limbah-medis-per-hari.

Damarjati, D. 2020. Tim FKM UI: Tanpa Intervensi Negara, 2,5 Juta Orang RI Bisa Kena Corona. [terhubung berkala]. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4957064/tim-fkm-ui-tanpa-intervensi-negara-25-juta-orang-ri-bisa-kena-corona/2.

Deni, M.C.N. 2020. Tinjauan Kebijakan Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Infeksius Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19).

Dit. PKPLB3. 2018. Peta Jalan (Roadmap) Pengelolaan Limbah B3 dari Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan (Fasyankes). Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.

Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19. 2020. Infografis Covid-19 (27 April 2020). [terhubung berkala]. https://covid19.go.id/p/berita/infografis-covid-19-27-april-2020.

Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19. 2020. [terhubung berkala]. https://covid19.go.id/p/berita/pemerintah-indonesia-siapkan-10-ribu-tempat-tidur-di-1000-rs-khusus-pasien-covid-19.

Guo, Y, Q. Cao, Z. Hong, Y. Tan, S. Chen, H. Jin, K. Tan, D. Wang & Y. Yan, 2020. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak – an update on the status. Military Medical Research. 7: 1-10 10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0.

Mapapa, P.L. 2020. Kementerian KLHK: Limbah Medis Covid-19 Prioritas Dimusnahkan Segera. [terhubung berkala]. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4974825/kementerian-klhk-limbah-medis-covid-19-prioritas-dimusnahkan-segera.

Mashabi, S. 2020. Pakar soal Covid-19: Capai 1,3 Juta Kasus, Puncak Pandemi, hingga Gelombang Kedua. [terhubung berkala]. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/04/15/06375351/prediksi-pakar-soal-covid-19-capai-13-juta-kasus-puncak-pandemi-hingga.

Kemenkumham RI. 2007. Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanggulangan Bencana.

Kemenkumham RI. 2016. Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor P.56/MENLHK-Setjen/2015 tentang Tata Cara dan Persyaratan Teknis Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun dari Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan.

Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan RI. 2020. Surat Edaran Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.No.SE.2/MENLHK/PSLB3/PLB.3/3/2020 Tentang Pengelolaan. Limbah Infeksiksius (Limbah B3) dan Sampah Rumah. Tangga dari penangangan Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19).

Narayana, V., S. Rudraswamy & N. Donggali. 2014. Hazards and Public Health Impacts of Hospital Waste, Indian Journal of Applied Reseach, 4(6): 386-388.

Nurita, D. 2020. Eijkman Prediksi Puncak Covid-19 Terjadi Awal Mei-Akhir Juni. [terhubung berkala]. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1332620/eijkman-prediksi-puncak-covid-19-terjadi-awal-mei-akhir-juni.

Pradana, W.E. 2020. Bagaimana Menangani Limbah Medis Covid-19 dari RS dan Rumah ODP. [terhubung berkala]. https://kumparan.com/pandangan-jogja/bagaimana-cara-menangani-limbah-medis-covid-19-dari-rs-dan-rumah-odp-1t9qQp4Z2Hn/full.

Putri, T.H. 2020. Total 95 Ribu Kasus, Juni Jadi Puncak Penyebaran Covid-19 di Indonesia. [terhubung berkala]. https://kaltim.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/teatrika/gugus-tugas-prediksi-puncak-covid-19-di-indonesia-capai-95-ribu-kasus-regional-kaltim.

Purwanti, A.A. 2018. Pengelolaan Limbah Padat Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) Rumah Sakit di RSUD Soetomo Surabaya, Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan (UKL) Unair. 10(03): 291-298.

Qiu, W., S. Rutherford, A. Mao & C. Chu. 2017. The Pandemic and Its Impact, Health, Cultures and Society, 9: 3 - 11 10.5195/HCS.2017.221.

Ramusch, R. 2020. Covid-19 and challenges in the provision of solid waste services.

Sekretariat Negara RI. 2020. Keputusan Presiden (KEPPRES) tentang Penetapan Bencana Nonalam Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Cvid-19) Sebagai Bencana Nasional.

Shareefdeen, Z.M. (2012). Medical Waste Management and Control. Journal of Environmental Protection. 3:1625-1628. 10.4236/jep.2012.312179.

World Health Organization. 2020.Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Waste Management. [terhubung berkala]. https://www.who.int/publications-detail/water-sanitation-hygiene-and-waste-management-for-covid-19.

Yong, Z., G. Xiao, G. Wang, Z. Tao & J. Dawei, Jiang. 2009. Medical Waste Management in China: A Case Study of Nanjing. Waste management (New York, N.Y.). 29 : 1376-82. 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.10.023.

Yu,H., , Sun, X., 1, Solvang, W.D., Zhao, X. 2020. Reverse Logistics Network Design for Effective Management of Medical Waste in Epidemic Outbreaks: Insights from the Corona virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Outbreak in Wuhan (China), International Journal of Envirinmental Research and Public Health, 17(1770): 1-25.