APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI MODIFIKASI CUACA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN CURAH HUJAN DI DAS CITARUM - JAWA BARAT 12 MARET S.D. 10 APRIL 2001
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Abstract
meningkatkan jumlah curah hujan. Teknologi modifikasi cuaca diterapkan bila terjadi
indikasi penurunan jumlah curah hujan dan kemungkinan akan munculnya fenomena ElNiño sebagai tindakan preventif. Aplikasi teknologi modifikasi cuaca yang dilaksanakan diDAS Citarum, Jawa Barat mulai tanggal 12 Maret s.d. 10 April 2001 adalah berdasarkan kenyataan bahwa inflow DAS Citarum menurun dengan drastis pada bulan Desember 2000 dan sebagai tindakan preventif akan munculnya fenomena El Niño pada akhir tahun 2001 atau 2002. Pada awal tahun 2001, tiga kaskade waduk di DAS Citarum mengalami defisit cadangan air sebanyak 486,36 juta m . Waduk Ir. Juanda yang merupakan waduk multi fungsi harus menyediakan pasokan air untuk: irigasi teknis pada lahan sawah seluas 296.000 ha (2 kali tanam), yang memberikan kontribusi sebesar ± 40 % ke Jabar atau setara dengan ± 10 % Nasional; air baku permukiman dan industri; serta penyediaan tenaga listrik (± 4,5 milyar kWh). Data akhir setelah dilaksanakan penerapan teknologi modifikasi cuaca dengan menggunakan konsep sistim dan lingkungan adalah nilai rata-rata aliran total Citarum sebesar 326,81 m /det dan volume total aliran Citarum sejak mulai kegiatan hingga tanggal 10 April 2001 adalah sebesar 847,1 juta m3.
Weather modification technology has been applied in Indonesia especially to enhance
rainfall. Weather modification technology has been employed whenever there has been
an indication of rainfall shortage and the possibility of El Niño occurrence as
precautionary action. Weather modification technology that was applied in Citarum
catchment area – West Java on 12 March – 10 April 2001 was based on the fact that
Citarum inflow decreased drastically in December 2000 and also as a preventive
endeavor to the possibility of warm episode in 2001/2002. In the early of 2001, three
cascade dams had water storage deficit as much as 486.36 million m3. Ir. Juanda dam,
which has multi purposes, has to supply water for: technical irrigation for 296,000 ha of
rice field (2 planting seasons) that contributes ± 40 % to West Java or about ± 10 % of
national production; fresh water for community and industry; as well as electricity of about 4.5 billion kWh. After the application of weather modification technology by employing system and environment concept, it was recorded that the average inflow of Citarum catchment area was 326.81 m /sec and total volume during the activity was 847.1million m3.
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