PENGARUH DIPOLE MODE TERHADAP CURAH HUJAN DI INDONESIA

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29122/jstmc.v3i1.2158
Keywords:
dipole mode suhu permukaan laut curah hujan.

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Erwin Mulyana

Abstract

Hubungan antara anomali suhu permukaan laut di Samudra Hindia dengan variasi curah hujan di Indonesia telah dihitung dengan menggunakan data bulanan suhu permukaan laut dari GISST (Global Sea Surface Suhue) serta data bulanan curah hujan dari GHCN (Global Historical Climate Network) selama 33 tahun (1961 – 1993). Penomena dipole mode yang terdapat di Samudra Hindia ditandai oleh munculnya anomali negatif suhue permukaan laut di sebelah barat Sumatra sementara pada saat yang bersamaan di bagian barat Samudra Hindia terdapat anomali positif. Fenomena tersebut mempengaruhi intensitas curah hujan yang terjadi di Indonesia. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa korelasi sangat kuat ( < − 0.6) ditemui di Sumatra bagian selatan, Pulau Jawa dan Nusatenggara yang terjadi pada bulan September -Oktober - Nopember. Selama berlangsungnya dipole mode, curah hujan di daerah
tersebut mengalami penurunan.

The correlation of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature anomaly and precipitation over Indonesia have been analyzed. This study used monthly mean data of sea surface temperature from GISST (Global Ice and Sea surface Temperature) and precipitation from GHCN (Global Historical Climate Network) for period 1961 -1993. The dipole mode phenomena in the Indian Ocean: anomalously low sea surface temperature off Sumatra and high sea surface temperature in the western Indian Ocean accompanied with precipitation anomalies over Indonesia. Strong correlation ( < −0.6) found over South
Sumatra, Java and Nusa Tenggara on September -October -November season. Precipitation over South Sumatra, Java, and Nusa Tenggara decreases during dipole mode event.

Article Details

Issue
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2002): June 2002
Section
Articles

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