ANALISIS SUHU MUKA LAUT SELATAN JAWA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP CURAH HUJAN DAS CITARUM
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Abstract
Analisis suhu muka laut (Sea Surface Temperature ~ SST) wilayah selatan Jawa
dan pengaruhnya terhadap curah hujan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Citarum telah
dilakukan. Suhu muka laut daerah selatan Jawa dibatasi mulai lintang 90LS sampai
dengan 120LS, bujur 1050BT sampai dengan 1140BT, daerah ini yang berbatasan
paling dekat dengan pulau Jawa. Data curah hujan DAS Citarum yang dipakai adalah
data bulanan selama 19 tahun. Analisis historis untuk melihat curah hujan historis
DAS Citarum sedangkan analisis time series digunakan untuk melihat pola tahunan
(annual), pola musiman (seasonal) maupun pola yang lainnya. Selain itu juga dilakukan
analisis spektral untuk melihat secara jelas pola curah hujannya. Terhadap data SST
juga dilakukan analisis yang sama. Setelah itu dilakukan korelasi antara nilai SST
masing-masing grid dengan curah hujan DAS Citarum. Hasil analisis menunjukkan
bahwa curah hujan DAS Citarum mempunyai periode yang dominan yaitu tahunan
(annual) dan yang kedua adalah sekitar tiga tahunan. Analisis terhadap suhu muka laut
menunjukkan rerata suhu maksimum SST mencapai 29.30C terjadi pada awal bulan
Maret dan suhu minimum mencapai 26.20C terjadi pada pertengahan bulan September. Hasil analisis spektral menunjukkan bahwa selain perulangan tahunan, suhu muka laut juga mengalami perulangan musiman dan perulangan beberapa tahunan meskipun tidak tampak jelas. Korelasi curah hujan dengan suhu muka laut mempunyai nilai berkisar antara 0.37 sampai dengan 0.64. Nilai korelasi terbesar terdapat pada lintang 08o LS sedangkan terhadap bujur, korelasi terbesar terlihat pada bujur 112o BT.
Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) south of Java and its influence on rainfall
in the Citarum watershed has been done Sea surface temperature in the area bounded
by 9oS to 12oS latitude and 105oE to 114oE longitude, on the border of this area
closest to the island of Java. History analysis has done to see the rainfall history of
Citarum river basin, while the analysis of time series used to see annual patterns,
seasonal pattern and other patterns. It also performed spectral analysis to see clearly
the pattern of rainfall. Against the sea surface temperature data are also performed
a similar analysis. The analysis showed that the rainfall of Citarum watershed has a
dominant period of the annual and the second is about three years. The analysis of
the sea surface temperatures show an average maximum temperature reached 29.30C
occurred in early March and the lowest temperature reached 26.20C occurred in mid-
September. The spectral analysis of sea surface temperature showed that in addition
to the annual repetition appears also seasonal and cycles of some years although not
obvious. Correlation of rainfall with sea surface temperature has a value ranging from
0.37 to 0.64. Against latitude the biggest correlation value contained in latitude 08oS
while against longitude the largest correlation seen in 112o E.
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