MANFAAT EKONOMIS DISEMINASI TEKNOLOGI MODIFIKASI CUACA DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI CITARUM
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung B/C ratio dari pelaksanaan Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca melalui parameter-parameter nilai biaya produksi, banyaknya air yang dibutuhkan untuk pengairan, harga gabah per ton, produksi gabah per ha, sehingga nilai B/C dari pelaksanaan TMC sebagai nilai riil yang sudah bisa dipertangungjawabkan kepada publik. Secara khusus penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung nilai ekonomis penerapan Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Citarum Jawa Barat dari aspek PLTA dan pertanian. Data penelitian berupa data sekunder dari hasil kegiatan TMC di Das Citarum tahun 2007. Adapun data yang dibutuhkan dalam penulisan paper adalah data aliran Waduk (DMA, Inflow dan Outflow) selama kegiatan TMC berlangsung antara lain data: tambahan potensi energi listrik; besarnya volume air yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan 1 kWh; harga listrik per kWh; estimasi hasil produksi padi per hektar; biaya produksi pertanian per ha per tanam; estimasi besarnya kebutuhan air pertanian per hektar per panen; harga gabah kering giling per kg; biaya pelaksanaan TMC. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui survei lapangan dan wawancara mendalam dengan kelompok tani di daerah Subang, Karawang, dan Indramayu dengan didukung studi literatur yang terkait dengan informasi mengenai aspek ekonomi Teknologi Mudifikasi cuaca. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah tambahan air kegiatan TMC di Das Citarum tahun 2007 sebanyak 716,92 juta m3. Dengan tambahan air tersebut dapat menghasilkan jumlah kWh listrik sebanyak 447.284.99 kWh. Dari tambahan air tersebut dapat memberikan manfaat ekonomi pada sektor PLTA sebesar Rp. 85.252.520.810,- dan sektor pertanian sebesar Rp. 610.643.840.116,- Manfaat ekonomi secara total kegiatan TMC sebesar Rp. 695.896.360.926,- Dari hasil tersebut secara ekonomis besarnya nilai B/C rasio sebesar 233:1. Hal ini berarti setiap pengeluaran sebesar Rp.1,- maka akan dapat diperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 233,-
This study aimed to calculate benefit cost ratio of the implementation of Weather
Modification Technology and to learn about production costs, the amount of water
needed for irrigation, the price of grain per ton, the production of grain per hectare,
so the value of B / C of the implementation of the TMC as a real value which can
responsibility to the public. Specifically this study aims to calculate the economic value the application of the weather modification technology on the Citarum River Basin of West Java from the aspects of hydropower and agriculture. The research data in the form of secondary data that are time-series in 2007. The research data in the form
of secondary data from the TMC in Das Citarum activities in 2007. The data required
for the writing of this paper include: data stream reservoir (DMA, Inflow and Outflow)
for TMC events take place, among others: Additional data potential of electric energy;
cost data for agricultural production per hectare per cropping; data size of the volume
of water used to produce 1 kWh; electricity prices per kWh; data estimation of rice
production per hectare; estimate the amount of agricultural water demand per hectare
per harvest, the price of milled rice per kg dry; cost of operation TMC. Data collecting
techniques through interviews with farmers groups in the area of Subang, Karawang,
Indramayu supported by studies in the literature after the focus of research related
to information regarding the economic aspects of technology Mudifikasi weather. The
results showed that the additional amount of water activity of TMC in Das Citarum
2007 as many as 716.92 million m3. With the addition of water during TMC activities
can generate as much electricity as the number of kWh 447.284.99. Benefit of TMC in
hydropower sector Rp. 85,252,520,810 and benefits in the agricultural sector Rp. 610
643 840 116. Total economic benefits of TMC activity Rp. 695 896 360 926, - The result analysis B/C ratio of 233:1. This means that every expenditure amounting to Rp1, - you will get an income of Rp. 233
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