APLIKASI SATELIT DALAM MENGESTIMASI EVAPORASI DI DAERAH WADUK (STUDI KASUS: WADUK SAGULING-JAWA BARAT)
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Abstract
Estimasi evaporasi di daerah waduk menggunakan metode empiris dengan input data satelit dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah ketersediaan data meteorologi dari observasi permukaan. Data satelit berupa Land Surface Temperature dari satelit Himawari dan profil atmosfer dari satelit MODIS digunakan untuk memperoleh informasi parameter temperatur, kelembapan relatif dan radiasi matahari untuk mengestimasi besaran evaporasi di daerah waduk. Metode empiris yang digunakan antara lain adalah Blaney-Criddle, Kharuffa, Hargreaves, Schendel dan Schendel yang dimodifikasi (Modified Schendel). Hasil estimasi evaporasi dibandingkan terhadap evaporasi acuan yang dihitung menggunakan metode kombinasi (Penman) dengan input parameter meteorologi hasil observasi. Observasi dilakukan menggunakan Automatic Weather Station di dua titik pengamatan di Waduk Saguling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan estimasi evaporasi waduk dengan input data satelit dapat dilakukan dengan metode yang ada namun diperlukan modifikasi. Metode estimasi evaporasi waduk yang terbaik adalah Modified Schendel, namun belum bisa menunjukkan variasi spasial yang sesuai observasi. Penggunaan regresi Linier Berganda dan menambahkan parameter radiasi matahari pada Modified Schendel, didapatkan suatu persamaan yang baik secara statistik dan dapat menunjukkan variasi spasial evaporasi di Waduk Saguling yang sesuai observasi.
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