EVALUASI KONDISI LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN PANTAI UTARA KARAWANG UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN = Environmental Condition Evaluation of the Northern Coastal Area of Karawang to Support Aquaculture Development
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Abstract
An evaluation of the environmental status of the northern coastal area of Karawang was conducted in the wet and the dry season to understand their feasibility to support aquaculture development. The
evaluation result showed that in the wet season, the water quality of the coastal and breackishwater ponds was poor due to high concentration of total suspended solid (TSS), high turbidity, ammonia,
nitrate, nitrite and sulfide that stimulated phytoplankton bloom which indicated by high concentration of chlorophyll-a. To anticipate the water quality degradation, it is necessary to build a sedimentation
facility along the inlet channel which accomapied by seaweed and mangrove plantation to eliminate and reduce an organic waste that entered to the breackishwater ponds. An application of the
“Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)†in the coastal area in the future is the best prospective to develop sustainable aquaculture. This technology is green technology with the biorecycle system
and zero emition. Keywords : environmental status, northern coastal area of Karawang, aquaculture development
Abstrak Evaluasi kondisi lingkungan perairan di kawasan Pantai Utara Karawang di lakukan pada musim hujan dan kemarau guna mengetahui kelayakannya dalam mendukung pengembangan usaha
budidaya perikanan. Hasil evalusi menunjukkan bahwa pada musim hujan telah terjadi penurunan kualitas air baik di perairan pantai maupun perairan tambak yang diindikasikan dengan meningkatnya
kekeruhan dan konsentrasi ammonia, nitrate, nitrit dan sulfide yang memacu terjadinya ledakan (blooming) fitoplankton (klorofil-a). Untuk mengantisifasi penurunan kualitas air, perlu dikembangkan
bak pengendapan disepanjang pantai yang disertai penanaman rumput laut dan mangrove untuk mengurangi kekeruhan dan menetralisir limbah organik yang masuk ke pertambakan sebelum
digunakan untuk kegiatan budidaya perikanan. Penerapan Teknologi Budidaya Perikanan terintegrasi “Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)†di wilayah pesisir dimasa mendatang merupakan
prospek yang menjanjikan untuk pengembangan teknologi budidaya perikanan berkelanjutan, karena teknologi ini selain lebih produktif juga merupakan teknologi bersih (green technology) dan
berwawasan lingkungan karena teknologinya bersifat Zero Emition atau bebas limbah. Kata Kunci : kondisi lingkungan, pantai utara Karawang, pengembangan budidaya perikanan
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