PEMANFAATAN BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH KOTORAN TERNAK SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI LISTRIK Studi kasus di Desa Sutenjaya, Lembang, Jawa Barat = Utilization of Biogas from Animal Waste as Electrical Energy Source Case Study: Sutenjaya, Lembang
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Abstract
The growth of the dairy industry in Indonesia is expected to be an attraction for the local farmers. The increasing number of breeders will have a negative impact on the increase of waste generated.
Waste from the farm business can be a solid waste, gas and liquid waste. Animal husbandary waste can be processed to produce biogas as an energy alternative to oil burner and premium drive electric
generators. From the measurement of CH4 content ranged from (56.67 - 62.8 %), while the CO2 content ranged between (36.36 - 42.64 %). This value is between methane and carbon dioxide content of the theoretical limit. Gasbio volume generated during the 24 hours ranged of 4.218 - 6.198M3, or the average of the gas produced as much: 5,096 M3 per day. Electricity generated = 3.822 kWh. Electricity power genset of 500 watt can burn for 7 hours. The results of laboratory analysis of sludge solids can be seen that the C / N ratio is still relatively high at 42.6, whereas the C / N ratio, which allowed ranged of 15-25. The C value is very high due to the organic composting process is too short, the element N is very low because the nitrogen is still in the complex chain that required the administration of N fastening bacteria such as : Azotobacter, Azotomonas, Pseudomonas.
Keywords: cattle manure, biogas, energy listrk, compost
Abstrak
Pertumbuhan industri susu olahan di Indonesia diharapkan akan mampu menjadi daya tarik bagi peternak lokal. Meningkatnya jumlah peternak akan berdampak negatif terhadap meningkatkan
limbah yang dihasilkan. Limbah dari usaha peternakan tersebut dapat berupa limbah padat, gas dan limbah cair. Limbah peternakana dapat diproses untuk menghasilkan biogas sebagai energi alternatif pengganti minyak kompor dan premium menggerakan generator listrik. Dari hasil pengukuran kandungan CH4 berkisar antara (56,67 – 62.8%), sedang kandungan CO2 berkisar antara (36.36 – 42,64%). Nilai tersebut berada diantara kandungan metan dan karbon dioksida pada batas secara teori. Volume gasbio yang dihasilkan selama 24 jam berkisar antara (4,218 - 6,198) M3,
atau rata-rata gas yang dihasilkan sebanyak : 5,096 M3 perhari. Listrik yang dihasilkan = 3,822 kWh. Genset dengan daya 500 Watt maka listrik bisa menyala selama 7 jam. Dari hasil analisis
laboratorium terhadap padatan sludge dapat diketahui bahwa C/N ratio tergolong masih tinggi yaitu 42,6, padahal C/N ratio yang diizinkan berkisar antara 15 – 25. Hal ini disebabkan karena C
organiknya sangat tinggi akibat proses komposing masih terlalu singkat, unsur N sangat rendah karena nitrogen masih dalam rantai yang kompleks sehingga diperlukan pemberian bakteri
penambat N, diantaranya adalah: bakteri Azotobacter, Azotomonas, Pseudomonas. Kata kunci: Kotoran ternak, biogas, energi listrk, kompos
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