Simulasi Homogenitas Pencampuran Air Limbah Pabrik Kelapa Sawit dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pengolahan Awal di Kolam Ekualisasi Pilot Plant Biogas Sei Pagar
Main Article Content
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) produced from palm oil mills is classified as waste that can pollute the environment and needs severe treatment because it still contains high BOD and COD. POME has the potential to be further processed to produce biogas products through the anaerobic digestion process. Anaerobic process of biogas production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) waste is a fermentation process which quite a long time. So it is necessary to have a POME pretreatment process for preparation before being fed into the biodigester reactor. It is aimed at considering optimum conditioning, good homogeneity, and preparing for the formation of gas products. One of the POME pretreatment steps was carried out in an equalization tank to be homogenized before entering the reactor. However, when passing the equalization process, there are indications of sedimentation or separation between liquid waste and dissolved solids. Thus, an attempt was made to carry out a stirring system so that homogeneity would occur with the agitator. Therefore, the POME conditions in all parts of the pond could be relatively similar. The stirring is one of the factors that influence microbial life. In this research, a stirrer design simulation will be conducted to determine the effectiveness of the stirrer and homogeneity of POME in equalization pond. Design is adjusted to the actual POME parameters according to results of the analysis carried out related to POME physical properties such as temperature, density, viscosity, pH, and flow rate. Conditions analyzed in the simulation are agitator speed, the direction of fluid flow, power consumption, and homogeneity of mixing.
Keywords: agitator, mixing, equalization tank, homogeneity, POME
ABSTRAK
Limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (POME) yang dihasilkan dari pabrik pengolahan sawit tergolong limbah yang dapat mencemari lingkungan dan perlu penanganan serius, karena masih mengandung BOD dan COD tinggi. POME sangat berpotensi untuk diolah lebih lanjut untuk menghasilkan produk biogas melalui proses penguraian anaerob. Proses pengolahan air limbah pabrik minyak sawit menjadi biogas merupakan proses fermentasi anaerobik yang memerlukan waktu yang lama. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya proses pengolahan awal POME untuk penyiapan sebelum diumpankan ke dalam reaktor biodigester untuk pengkondisian yang optimum, homogenitas yang baik, dan persiapan pembentukan produk gas. Salah satu pengolahan awal POME dilakukan di kolam ekualisasi untuk proses homogenisasi air limbah sebelum masuk ke dalam reaktor. Selama melewati kolam ekualisasi, ada indikasi terjadi pengendapan atau pemisahan antara limbah cair dengan padatan terlarut. Untuk itu, muncul upaya untuk melakukan sistem pengadukan agar tercapai kondisi homogen dengan menggunakan pengaduk agar kondisi POME di seluruh bagian kolam relatif sama. Adapun pengadukan merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh pada kehidupan mikroba. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan simulasi desain pengaduk yang untuk mengetahui efektivitas pengaduk dan homogenitas POME di dalam kolam equalisasi. Desain disesuaikan dengan parameter POME sesuai hasil analisis yang dilakukan terkait properti fisik POME seperti temperatur, densitas, viskositas, pH, dan laju alir. Kondisi yang dianalisis dalam simulasi adalah kecepatan putaran pengaduk, arah aliran fluida, konsumsi daya dan homogenitas pencampuran.
Kata kunci: pengaduk, pencampuran, kolam ekualisasi, homogenitas, POME
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