Evaluasi Kinerja Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) PT. Wahana Kreasi Hasil Kencana (WKHK) Tangerang Performance Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Installation (WWTP) PT. Wahana Kreasi Hasil Kencana (WKHK) Tangerang
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Abstract
Industry in Indonesia is currently increasing both in terms of technology and diversity. However, industries ocated near the rivers tends to dispose of their wastewater into the river bodies which causes water pollution. PT. Wahana Kreasi Hasil Kencana (PT KHK) Tangerang is a metal coating industry that produces heavy metal wastewater. The wastewater has been processed in the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) but has not met the discharge standard yet. The study aims to examine the process performance of wastewater treatment in an existing condition and in the addition of a biochemical oxidation process. The results showed that the existing a lower concentrations of Pb, TSS, Ni, Zn, Cu, BOD, and COD. While the addition of biochemical oxidation process by adding microorganisms (Microplus) revealed high effectivity in decreasing the concentration of the wastewater. The addition of microorganisms into WWTP proved that heavy metal concentration in the effluent was removed. The efficiency of the removal was 78%, 63%, 80%, 61%, 78%, 62% and for Ni, Zn, CN, Cu, Pb, and BOD respectively, but the COD removal was approximately COD 53%. Furthermore, statistical analysis showed that pH has also influenced the removal of BOD and TSS up to 95.3% and 75.6% respectively, while Ni, Zn, Cu, and Pb concentration was not affected by pH.
Keywords: Chemical oxidation, Electroplating, Heavy metals, Wastewater
ABSTRAK
Industri di Indonesia saat ini telah berkembang pesat baik dalam hal teknologi maupun keanekaragamannya. Namun, ada kecenderungan industri yang berlokasi dekat aliran sungai membuang limbah cairnya ke badan sungai sehingga menyebabkan pencemaran. PT. Wahana Kreasi Hasil Kencana (PT WKHK) Tangerang merupakan salah satu industri pelapisan logam yang menghasilkan limbah cair logam berat. Limbah cair logam berat tersebut diolah pada instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) yang fluennya belum memenuhi baku mutu air limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses kinerja pengolahan limbah cair pada IPAL PT WKHK Tangerang pada kondisi eksisting dan dengan penambahan proses pengolahannya. Penambahan proses pengolahan air limbah logam berat yang dilakukan adalah proses oksidasi biokimia. Hasil yang didapatkan dari hasil observasi ini adalah IPAL PT WKHK belum optimal dalam mereduksi konsentrasi Pb, TSS, Ni, Zn, Cu, BOD, dan COD sehingga belum memenuhi baku mutu. Sedangkan penambahan proses pengolahan biologi setelah unit intermediated basin dinilai cukup efektif dalam menurunkan konsentrasi limbah logam berat tersebut. Dibandingkan dengan kondisi eksisting, penambahan proses oksidasi biokimia dapat mereduksi lebih banyak konsentrasi logam berat pada efluen air limbah. Penambahan mikroorganisme pada pengolahan air limbah logam berat terbukti efektif dalam mereduksi konsentrasi dengan efisiensi 78%, 63%, 80%, 61%, 78%, 62% dan untuk parameter Ni, Zn, CN, Cu, Pb, dan BOD, sedangkan reduksi COD sebesar 53%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pH terhadap penurunan konsentrasi BOD sebesar 95,3% dan TSS sebesar 75,6%. Sedangkan penurunan konsentrasi Ni, Zn, Cu dan Pb tidak dipengaruhi oleh pH.
Kata kunci: Air limbah industri, Logam berat, Oksidasi biokimia, Pelapisan logam
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